Recovery

Thymosin beta-4

Full-length 43-amino-acid peptide

Investigational; no FDA-approved thymosin beta-4 product.

What does it do?

Ocular surface

Study

An ophthalmic formulation has been studied in severe dry eye.1

Tissue-repair

Community

Full-length thymosin β4 is studied for repair biology; this does not validate subcutaneous recovery claims.5

Molecular information

5 3

Amino-acid sequence

43 residues · N → C5 3

Length43 amino acids

Molecular weight · Da4,963.4 Da

Molecular formulaC₂₁₂H₃₅₀N₅₆O₇₈S5 3

N-terminal acetylation.

Native-length N-acetylated sequence. NL005 in the cited phase I study is a 44-residue recombinant product; TB-500 fragment is seven residues.

Pharmacokinetics

Reported half-lifeHuman half-life not established3

The phase I paper reports a 0.5–2.08-hour half-life for IV NL005, a 44-amino-acid recombinant product. No numeric curve is assigned here because this profile describes the 43-residue native-length molecule.

No numerical estimate was found in the checked data or Pep-Pedia profile. A curve would require an unsupported assumption.

What to expect

Study outcomes

Small ocular signal

The nine-person study found improvement in discomfort and corneal staining at day 56; its size limits certainty.1

Early safety is product-specific

NL005 showed no dose-limiting toxicities or serious adverse events in this small phase I study.3

Reported timelines

Reference & community

Source expectations

Systemic repair 1–12 weeks; topical response days 1–7, visible change 1–2 weeks, closure over 2–8; condition-dependent, not guaranteed.31

These are reported timelines, not a prediction of your response.

Doses & schedules

Route

Scroll to compare all columns →

One row for each documented route and dose or dose range
Route	Dose	Frequency	Goal / evidence	Duration	References
OphthalmicOphthalmic eye drops	0.1% RGN-259 or vehicle	Six times daily	Severe dry-eye symptomsNine people in a randomized phase 2 trialHuman study	28 days, followed by 28 days observation	1
Population Nine people in a randomized phase 2 trial Context Formulation-specific ocular study; no inference to injection.
IVIntravenous	0.5 mcg/kg	Once daily	Early safety and kinetics of recombinant NL005Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30Human study	10 days	3
Population Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30 Context NL005 is 44 residues, distinct from the native-length identity shown above. Source dose wording 0.5, 2, or 5 mcg/kg, or placebo
IVIntravenous	2 mcg/kg	Once daily	Early safety and kinetics of recombinant NL005Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30Human study	10 days	3
Population Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30 Context NL005 is 44 residues, distinct from the native-length identity shown above. Source dose wording 0.5, 2, or 5 mcg/kg, or placebo
IVIntravenous	5 mcg/kg	Once daily	Early safety and kinetics of recombinant NL005Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30Human study	10 days	3
Population Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30 Context NL005 is 44 residues, distinct from the native-length identity shown above. Source dose wording 0.5, 2, or 5 mcg/kg, or placebo
IVIntravenous	Placebo	Once daily	Early safety and kinetics of recombinant NL005Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30Human study	10 days	3
Population Healthy adults aged 18–50; multiple-dose cohort n=30 Context NL005 is 44 residues, distinct from the native-length identity shown above. Source dose wording 0.5, 2, or 5 mcg/kg, or placebo
SubQ	1.6 mg	Daily	Acute Wound HealingReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Injectable
IVIV bolus within 6 hours of MI	42 mg	Single dose	Cardiac ProtectionReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Injectable
SubQ	6 mg	Twice weekly	Chronic Tissue RepairReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Injectable
IVIV infusion	30 mg	Three times over 72 hours	Neurological RecoveryReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Injectable
SubQ	2-5 mg	Daily or every other day	General RegenerationReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Injectable
SubQSubcutaneous	0.6-14 mg	As per study design	Research ProtocolReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source route wording SubQ or IV as indicated Source tabs Injectable
IVIntravenous	0.6-14 mg	As per study design	Research ProtocolReference report	Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source route wording SubQ or IV as indicated Source tabs Injectable
TopicalDirect Topical application to wound bed	1% gel	Once daily	Pressure Ulcer HealingReference report	Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Topical
TopicalTopical ophthalmic application	0.1% drops	4 times daily	Corneal HealingReference report	Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Topical
OtherApplied to cleaned wound surface	0.5% cream	Twice daily	Chronic Wound CareReference report	Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Topical
OtherApplied to suture lines after closure	0.1-0.5% gel	2-3 times daily	Post-Surgical CareReference report	Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Topical
OtherApplied to debrided burn areas	1% gel	Every 8-12 hours	Burn TreatmentReference report	Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Topical
OtherApplied to face and neck areas	0.05% serum	Once daily	Anti-Aging ApplicationsReference report	Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum	31
Population Population not independently verified; see the reference and linked research. Context Reported in Pep-Pedia’s educational protocol table. Study attribution and applicability to this exact product are not independently established. Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable. Source tabs Topical

Study and label doses retain their study context. Reference reports are unvalidated practices, not personal treatment instructions. Ranges remain ranges; escalation stages are labeled.

Cycles & timing

Reference reports31

Reported use periods and breaks. These do not establish a safe cycle or prove that breaks prevent tolerance.

Injectable

Use period: Acute: 2-6 weeks; Chronic: 8-12 weeks with monitoring
Break: 2-4 weeks between treatment cycles for chronic conditions

Reported timing

Can be given any time of day; for acute conditions, start as soon as possible

Topical

Use period: Continue until healing complete or 8 weeks maximum
Break: No break required between applications

Reported timing

Apply to clean, prepared wound bed or skin surface; for eyes, follow sterile technique

Side effects & safety

Small clinical samples

Nine eye-study participants cannot define uncommon adverse effects.

Different molecular form

NL005 safety observations belong to a 44-residue investigational formulation.

Laboratory product limitations

The chemistry supplier identifies its material as a reagent, without clinical sterility or therapeutic approval.

Additional reported cautions

Reference reports31

Uncertainty

General systemic regenerative efficacy and combination safety unestablished.

Stop symptoms

Infection/drainage, worsening wounds, persistent local reactions, allergy, cardiovascular symptoms or vision changes.

Eyes

Only ophthalmically appropriate sterile formulations belong in eyes.

Not a complete safety screen. Discuss health decisions with a qualified clinician.

Combinations & interactions

9 entries

Check cautions and reported pairings. A compatibility claim does not establish that a combination is safe.

Corticosteroids

Caution reported

Potential healing antagonism.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Use Caution

Anticoagulants

Caution reported

Bleeding concerns theoretical.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Monitor Combination

NSAIDs

Caution reported

Source healing concern; no validated timing rule.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Requires Timing

Chemotherapy

Avoidance reported

Theoretical angiogenesis concern.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Avoid Combination

TB-500

Unverified pairing

Unproven duplication of related substances.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Synergistic

BPC-157

Unverified pairing

Unproven repair stack.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Synergistic

Growth hormone

Unverified pairing

Untested pairing.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Compatible

IGF-1

Unverified pairing

Untested growth pairing.31

Reference report · Pep-Pedia label: Compatible

Other recovery peptides

Not established

The eye and phase I studies do not establish safety or benefit of peptide stacks.1 3

Research context

Reconstitution calculator

Enter your peptide amount and container size. Get a volume and a simple measurement scale.

1How much peptide do you have?

Total labeled amount of Thymosin beta-4.

2How much can your container hold?

Usable capacity of the destination vial or pen cartridge.

Measure with

1 dial unit = 0.01 mL on the documented V2 model. Confirm your pen’s scale.

Vial examples & blend contents Thymosin beta-4

Peptide reference

Listed amounts are packaging examples. Check your actual label.

Suggested final volume mL

Estimated water to add≈ mL

For dry powder, assuming negligible volume displacement. Use bacteriostatic water only if the formulation specifies it.

1 pen unit (one dial step)=

Measurement scale Conversions, not recommended doses
Pen units	Amount	Volume

Other simple scales

Convert a specific amount

Enter an amount to calculate its volume and device setting.

Amount to measure

Measuring-tool capacity

Calculation & assumptions

The suggestion favors a simple 1, 2, or 5 × power-of-ten amount per unit, then the largest final volume that fits. It does not choose a dose or a biologically suitable concentration.

The water estimate applies only to dry powder and assumes negligible powder displacement. Final solution volume, specified diluent, solubility, stability, sterility, cartridge compatibility, and working fill limits must be established separately. No allowance is made for priming or transfer losses.

V2 measurement specification ↗Bacteriostatic water: formulation instructions ↗

Reconstitution

Formulation-specific information

Clinical eye drops and laboratory powder have different preparation requirements.5 1

Research reagent

Cayman item 28605 reports approximately 10 mg/mL solubility in PBS pH 7.2 and advises against aqueous storage beyond one day. This does not establish injectable preparation.5

Clinical formulation

The dry-eye result applies to RGN-259 eye drops, not a reconstituted research vial.1

Reference preparation details

Reported handling information, not a validated formulation or instruction to prepare an injectable product.

Injectable

Pep-Pedia describes preparation for this route; product-specific stability has not been independently verified.

Solvents mentioned: Bacteriostatic water
Reported parameters: Source temperature: 2-8°C. · Reported post-preparation interval: 14 days.

The source describes gentle mixing and avoiding vigorous shaking.

Topical

The source describes a topical gel or cream formulation.

Solvents mentioned: Sterile water / Gel or cream base
Reported parameters: Reported concentration range: 0.05–1%. · Reported formulation pH: 7.0–7.4. · Reported storage: 2–8°C; no numerical shelf life specified.

Appearance & documentation

Appearance and a purity certificate cannot establish sterility, identity, or suitability for injection.

Reported appearanceClear, colorless solutionReported appearanceProper sterile packagingReported appearanceCertificate of analysisReported appearanceAppropriate molecular weightReported concernCloudy or discolored solutionReported concernCrystallization after reconstitutionReported variationRoom temperature storage claims

Vial sizes

10mg4

Packaging examples, not a market survey. Approved and research products are not interchangeable.

Storage after mixing

Reconstituted research vials

Pep-Pedia reports these handling limits after mixing. They are not validated stability or sterility limits for your vial.

Injectable

Unverified report31

2–8°C · Up to 14 days

Storage notes

Injectable

Lyophilized: room temperature; Reconstituted: 2-8°C for up to 14 days

Topical

Refrigerate prepared formulations, protect from light, single-use containers preferred

Storage depends on the formulation, diluent, container, and handling. Follow the specific product label or pharmacist’s instructions.

Pen & syringe measurements

Device units measure volume. Concentration determines the amount in mg.

Open calculator ↗

V2 peptide pen

1 notch = 0.01 mL

Documented 1-unit V2 models

One dial increment: 1 unit
Cartridge capacity: 3 mL
Maximum setting: 60 units · 0.60 mL

Use the numbered dose window. Whole-unit settings only; confirm the specification for your exact model.

U-100 syringe

1 unit = 0.01 mL

100 units = 1 mL

10 units: 0.10 mL
30-unit capacity: 0.30 mL
50 / 100-unit capacity: 0.50 / 1 mL

Read the printed unit scale. A small line may represent 0.5, 1, or 2 units depending on the syringe.

Other measuring tools

Use the mL scale

mL syringes and calibrated pipettes

0.01 mL: 10 µL
0.10 mL: 100 µL
Amount: mL × mg/mL

Drops, sprays and other pen clicks need their own verified volume per increment. They have no universal conversion.

3 mL is cartridge capacity. It does not mean you must prepare or load 3 mL. The original vial and the pen cartridge are different containers. This reference compares measurement scales; it does not establish product or route compatibility.

Device references

AVERON V2 specifications ↗SilverLeaf V2 unit reference ↗FDA: syringe unit conversions ↗Specifications checked October 12, 2026.

Evidence limits

View findings →

Whether systemic use improves tendon, muscle, or ligament recovery.1

3 distinct primary sources or abstracts checked. Evidence may concern a parent compound, individual blend ingredient, animal, or cell model; it does not necessarily establish a benefit for this exact product.

Evidence definitions →

Research findings

Human trials

Source context

Reference “proven” and “safe together” claims exceed evidence; fragment findings are not interchangeable.

Compound identity & other names

A 43-amino-acid peptide involved in cell migration and actin biology. Investigational ophthalmic formulations have been tested in people. Those studies do not establish that a research vial injected for sports recovery is effective or safe.

Other names: Tβ4 · TB4 · TB-4 · Timbetasin · RGN-259 · Full-length thymosin beta 4

Investigational; no FDA-approved thymosin beta-4 product.

Ac-SDKPDMAEIEKFDKSKLKKTETQEKNPLPSKETIEQEKQAGES-OH5 3

Pep-Pedia identity record

43 amino acids · 4,963.44 Da

Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro-Asp-Met-Ala-Glu-Ile-Glu-Lys-Phe-Asp-Lys-Ser-Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln-Glu-Lys-Asn-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ser-Lys-Glu-Thr-Ile-Glu-Gln-Glu-Lys-Gln-Ala-Gly-Glu-Ser

Reference description; checked chemical identity takes precedence when available.31

How it may work

Actin regulation influences cell migration, inflammatory signaling and angiogenesis.31

Severe dry eye: a small positive trial

Nine participants received 0.1% RGN-259 or vehicle. At day 56, the treated group had lower discomfort and corneal staining. The small sample and eye-specific formulation limit generalization.

Human testing is formulation-specific

A randomized phase I study investigated recombinant human thymosin beta-4 in healthy Chinese volunteers. Safety and pharmacokinetic testing is not evidence of injury-healing efficacy.

Research areas and evidence gaps

Ocular surface research. An ophthalmic formulation has been studied in severe dry eye.1

Whether systemic use improves tendon, muscle, or ligament recovery.
How research-vial material compares with standardized investigational formulations.
Long-term systemic and combination safety.

Additional uses listed by Pep-Pedia

Systemic repair. Wounds, surgery and soft-tissue injury.31

Cardiac / neural. Post-MI, coronary/peripheral vascular disease, stroke, brain/spinal injury research.31

Topical. Pressure/diabetic ulcers, burns, cornea, scars and hair-follicle research.31

Community reports Unvalidated

Community discussions frequently use TB-500 and thymosin beta-4 interchangeably, making dose and outcome reports hard to interpret.4

A seller name or self-report cannot establish molecular identity or equivalence to clinical material.

Search coverage and review status

The targeted newer-literature check did not identify an additional verified exact-compound clinical outcome study beyond the retained evidence. This is not a systematic-review conclusion.

Checked: 2026-10-12
Search: thymosin beta-4 2025 2026 randomized trial
Catalog: Pep-Pedia ↗ · 24 listed references retained

Targeted search, not a systematic or exhaustive review.
Retained bibliography entries marked Bibliography only have not been independently verified.
Distinct URLs may refer to the same publication; component and formulation boundaries remain important.

AI-prepared summaries. Independent medical editorial review is pending.

Community poll 10 topics · Pep-Pedia snapshot

Voluntary, unverified reports. These percentages do not measure effectiveness or safety.

Topic

Primary goal

Recovery/Healing100%

Number of responses to this question: not disclosed.

Source & limitations

The source displays “53 responses” for this profile. This is not a confirmed participant count or a denominator for individual questions.

Voluntary self-reports from Pep-Pedia visitors; identity, treatment, outcomes and timing are unverified. These data are not efficacy or safety estimates.
The source displays a profile-wide response label, not a confirmed unique participant count. It stays unchanged across questions. Question-specific denominators and absolute option counts are not exposed.
Only the top five categories are displayed for some questions. Extra categories are retained as an undisplayed-category count; their labels and percentages are unavailable.
Displayed percentages are rounded. They may not total 100%, especially where categories are hidden.
This is a dated snapshot, not a live survey or current recommendation.

References

Original sources and review status. Open a reference to read its summary.

31 sources

1Thymosin β4 in a randomized severe dry-eye trialTrial · 2015 · pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govAbstract checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Nine participants used 0.1% eye drops or vehicle six times daily for 28 days. At day 56, reported discomfort and corneal staining favored treatment; the very small trial needs confirmation.

Severe dry eye: a small positive trial

Nine participants received 0.1% RGN-259 or vehicle. At day 56, the treated group had lower discomfort and corneal staining. The small sample and eye-specific formulation limit generalization.

Original source

2Phase I recombinant human thymosin β4 in healthy volunteersTrial · 2021 · pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govAbstract checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Randomized first-in-human single- and multiple-dose study of a defined recombinant formulation. It is safety/pharmacokinetic research, not a sports-injury efficacy trial.

Human testing is formulation-specific

A randomized phase I study investigated recombinant human thymosin beta-4 in healthy Chinese volunteers. Safety and pharmacokinetic testing is not evidence of injury-healing efficacy.

Original source

3Recombinant thymosin β4 phase I: full text and product identityTrial · 2021 · pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.govPrimary source checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

NL005 is a 44-residue recombinant product. Healthy-volunteer IV studies report short elimination and limited short-term tolerability data, which should not be assigned to other molecular forms.

Original source

4Adria Science TB-500: full-length identity declarationCatalog · 2026 · adriascience.comCatalog checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

This seller explicitly describes its 10 mg TB-500 product as complete 43-residue thymosin beta-4. The listing illustrates why trade names need molecular clarification; it is not independent quality verification.

Original source

5Cayman: native-length thymosin β4 acetate identity and laboratory insertCatalog · 2026 · cdn.caymanchem.comCatalog checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Provides the 43-residue acetylated sequence, formula weight and laboratory handling information. Does not establish a clinical regimen.

Original source

6Pep-Pedia: Thymosin Beta-4Community · Accessed 2026 · pep-pedia.orgCommunity source checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Secondary community overview checked on 12 October 2026. Its practice tables and efficacy claims are not independently validated clinical guidance.

Original source

7Cardiac Protection Pilot Study: Thymosin β4 in STEMI Patients (2016)Bibliography · 2016 · prnewswire.comPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Pep-Pedia reports: The intervention used peptide-pretreated progenitor cells after heart attack, not direct thymosin-beta-4 monotherapy.

Reported population / model
Humans

Reported study details
EPC pre-treatment with Tβ4 · Single transplantation · Improved cardiac function compared to control

Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.

Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗

Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12

Listed study

8Sosne, G., Ousler, G.W. (2015). Thymosin beta 4 ophthalmic solution for dry eye: a randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase II clinical trial conducted using the controlled adverse environment (CAE™) model. Clinical Ophthalmology, 9, 877-884.Bibliography · 2015 · dovepress.comPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Pep-Pedia reports: A 72-person topical dry-eye trial reported changes in discomfort and corneal staining; these do not establish systemic recovery benefits.

Reported population / model
Humans

Reported study details
0.1% topical drops · 28 days · Significant improvement in symptoms and corneal staining

Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.

Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗

Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12

Listed study

9Phase I Human Safety Study: Intravenous Thymosin β4 (2010)Bibliography · 2010 · researchgate.netPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Pep-Pedia reports: Early IV testing reportedly found no dose-limiting toxicity in healthy volunteers; uncommon or long-term harms cannot be excluded.

Reported population / model
Humans

Reported study details
42-1260 mg IV · Single and multiple doses · Excellent safety profile, no dose-limiting toxicity

Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.

Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗

Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12

Listed study

10Dunn, S.P., Heidemann, D.G., Chow, C.Y., Crockford, D., Turjman, N., Angel, J., Allan, C.B., Sosne, G. (2010). Treatment of chronic nonhealing neurotrophic corneal epithelial defects with thymosin beta4. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1194, 199-206.Bibliography · 2010 · pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Pep-Pedia reports: Six of nine patients reportedly healed persistent corneal defects during compassionate-use topical treatment; the series lacked a randomized comparator.

Reported population / model
Humans

Reported study details
0.1% topical drops · Up to several months · 6 of 9 subjects achieved complete healing

Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.

Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗

Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12

Listed study

11Venous Ulcer European Clinical Trial (2007)Bibliography · 2007 · pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Pep-Pedia reports: A multi-site topical venous-ulcer trial assessed dose, tolerability and healing; the reference card does not provide a numerical efficacy result.

Reported population / model
Humans

Reported study details
Topical application · 84 days treatment · Safety and healing enhancement evaluation

Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.

Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗

Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12

Listed study

12Pressure Ulcer Clinical InvestigationBibliography · Not verified · pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govPep-Pedia report · Primary source not checked

AI-PREPARED SUMMARY

Pep-Pedia reports: The source describes faster pressure-ulcer healing with topical treatment; exact effect size and trial attribution require confirmation.

Reported population / model
Humans

Reported study details
Topical application · Phase 2 study · Accelerated wound healing demonstrated

Reported by Pep-Pedia; the linked publication, design, doses and result have not been independently verified here.

Read the Pep-Pedia report ↗

Pep-Pedia reference card; original summary of its reported findings · Checked 2026-10-12

Listed study

13Sosne, G., Qiu, P., Ousler, G.W., Dunn, S.P., Crockford, D. (2012). Thymosin β4: a potential novel dry eye therapy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1270, 45-50.Bibliography · 2012 · pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.govLinked reference · Not independently reviewed

REFERENCE NOTE